Analysis of the Factors of the Genres Division of Documentary Audiovisual Product

Abstract

Research methodology. The basis of the research is interdisciplinary, informational and systematic approaches. In this research, the following methods were used: historical, analysis and generalization - to determine the factors for creating and formation a subgenre division of a documentary film.

Results. It is analyzed the historical period of the formation of documentary cinema in the world, which was made by documentary theorists, to analyzed in order to reveal a classical genre classification, from which it appeared that the main factor of the division into genres becomes a directly reflected subject in a documentary film. From the very beginning, documentary filmmakers worked in the environment, since their main themes for photography mirrored and demonstrated real life and the outside world, so documentaries became more and more interested in the history and significance of the world processes in which they were directly involved. The genre of documentary films has always depended on the way in which the director’s "I" is expressed on the basis of choosing and organizing what documentaries can find around themselves, and decisions made by them become the discourse they broadcasted and will broadcast in the world, and then always formed within their individual subjective interpretation. Therefore, it is not surprising that one of the main theorists of documentary E. Barnouw has made the main emphasis in his classification of the genre type of documentary precisely on the role played by the director shooting his work, thus, the director appears to be a certain guide between the potential audience of his film and the surrounding world. But such a principle of division into genres could only be in those days because it was not a massive production. Modern documentary literature has a broader meaning, but not by the number of genre division. Therefore, the main subgenre in documentary studies can be distinguished from such groups as educational films, artistic and documentary, documentaries and manuals (pseudo-documentary films).

Novelty of the research is that for the first time in the Ukrainian science the historical aspect of the formation of subgenre diversity in the documentaries was studied, on the basis of which the main subgenre of modern documentary art were identified.

The practical significance. The results of the study broaden theoretical concepts of the documentaries genres.

Key words: documentary, genres, E. Barnouw, cinema, television.